IQ classification: What Does an IQ Score Mean?

Understanding IQ Test Scores and Ranges

IQ scores were developed to give a general idea of a person's intellectual abilities. Unfortunately, these indicators do not cover all the diverse forms of human intelligence. That is why IQ scores are tentative for determining the level of intelligence.

IQ Test Score Ranges

IQ test scores are calculated using a specific scale that compares an individual's performance to the average performance of their peers. The scale is designed so that the average IQ score is 100, with a standard deviation of 15 points. This means that the majority of people will score between 85 and 115, which is considered average intelligence.

Average and Exceptional Scores

While most people will score within the average range, some individuals will achieve exceptional scores, both high and low. An IQ score of 130 or higher is considered very high intelligence, while a score below 70 is considered significantly below average. These extreme scores are relatively rare and represent only a small percentage of the population.

IQ Classification

Various IQ Classifications

There are several IQ classification systems used to categorize and describe different levels of intellectual ability. Some of the most widely known and used classifications include the Wechsler Scale, the Stanford-Binet Scale, and Cattell's Scale. Each scale has its unique way of grouping scores and defining intelligence levels.

Wechsler Scale

The Wechsler Scale, developed by psychologist David Wechsler, is one of the most used IQ tests today. It consists of separate tests for adults (WAIS) and children (WISC). The Wechsler Scale uses a standard score of 100 as the average, with a standard deviation of 15. The classification categories are as follows:

• Below 70: Extremely Low
• 70-79: Borderline
• 80-89: Low Average
• 90-109: Average
• 110-119: High Average
• 120-129: Superior
• 130 and above: Very Superior

Stanford-Binet Scale

The Stanford-Binet Scale, originally developed by French psychologist Alfred Binet and later adapted by American psychologist Lewis Terman, is another widely recognized IQ test. The Stanford-Binet Scale also uses a standard score of 100 as the average, with a standard deviation of 15. The classification categories are as follows:

• Below 70: Intellectually Disabled
• 70-79: Borderline
• 80-89: Low Average
• 90-109: Average
• 110-119: High Average
• 120-129: Superior
• 130-144: Gifted
• 145 and above: Highly Gifted

Cattell's Scale

Developed by British psychologist Raymond Cattell, Cattell's Scale measures intelligence using a different scoring system. It uses a standard score of 100 as the average, but with a standard deviation of 24 points. The classification categories are as follows:

• Below 74: Extremely Low
• 74-90: Borderline
• 90-110: Average
• 110-130: Above Average
• 130-150: Superior
• 150 and above: Genius

Factors Affecting IQ Scores

It's also essential to recognize that numerous factors can influence an individual's IQ score. These include genetic factors, environmental influences, educational opportunities, and even the individual's motivation and effort during the test. As such, IQ scores should not be seen as fixed or unchangeable, and they may not always accurately reflect a person's true intellectual potential.

Personal Growth and Potential

Interpreting your IQ test results involves understanding what the score means for you personally. It's important to remember that your IQ score is just one measure of your cognitive abilities and should not define your self-worth or potential. Instead, use your score as a starting point for personal growth and development. Focus on areas where you excel, while also recognizing and working on areas where you may need improvement.

Limitations of IQ Tests

Keep in mind that IQ tests have their limitations and may not fully capture all aspects of your intelligence. Some people may perform better on certain types of tasks, while others may excel in areas that are not assessed by traditional IQ tests. Additionally, factors like test anxiety, cultural bias, and language barriers can impact test results. It's crucial to view your IQ score as just one piece of the puzzle when evaluating your intellectual abilities.

Published: 23-03-2023